Supply area
Appalachia
The Appalachia footprint produced 69.1 MMbbl of oil and 13.44 Tcf of natural gas in 2025. 173,903 producing wells tracked, trailing 12 months per region.
- Largest of the US supply areas by natural gas, 2025.
- 28.3% of the natural gas produced in the United States, 2025.
- Natural gas production rose 4% in 2025 from 2024.
Production
- filling in (est. · unconfirmed) first filings ahead . This band is our estimate for the wells whose first filings are still ahead and that we cannot yet place in a start year. It is drawn past the divider only, as our forecast for those wells. . Hatching marks our estimate of the volume still to be filed. That estimate draws on our own production forecast. This estimate is published unconfirmed. It updates as filings arrive
- estimated . Hatching marks our estimate. In the most recent months that is volume still to be filed. Past the divider it is our estimate of each whole month, built on any filings already in. Beyond the last filings it is our forecast.
Still arriving: Jan 2026 97% filed, Feb 2026 98% filed, Mar 2026 97% filed, Apr 2026 73% filed, May 2026 74% filed, Jun 2026 74% filed, Jul 2026 17% filed, Aug 2026 <1% filed.
In this view, hatching marks our estimate, and in the most recent months that is volume still to be filed. The band labeled first filings ahead is our estimate for the wells whose first filings are still ahead and that we cannot yet place in a start year; it is drawn past the divider only, as our forecast for those wells. The other bands continue past the divider as our estimate for the wells in them, from any filings already in and then from our forecast, built well by well. The method behind each well is recorded with the forecast. The forward months add no new wells. How our methods work
All from what the source published. All held at well grain.
How the volume breaks down
- 71.7% Reported by the official source by well
- 28.3% Reported by the official source for a longer period, spread across its months. The period total is the reported number.
Every cubic foot through September 2025 starts from what the official source published for those months. Measured over January 1985 to September 2025.
Still arriving: Aug 2026 <1% filed.
All from what the source published. All held at well grain.
How the volume breaks down
- 32.0% Reported by the official source by well
- 68.0% Reported by the official source for a longer period, spread across its months. The period total is the reported number.
Every barrel through September 2025 starts from what the official source published for those months. Measured over January 1985 to September 2025.
The bands group wells by when they first produced.
About this chart
The stack shows what is holding today's rate up and how much of it is new drilling. In the reported months the bands draw the filings already in. The months still filling in are marked.
Annual table (full history)
best estimate incl. allocated
| Year | Oil (MMbbl) | Gas produced (Bcf) |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 69.1 | 13,438 |
| 2024 | 55.5 | 12,903 |
| 2023 | 53.1 | 12,962 |
| 2022 | 42.6 | 12,634 |
| 2021 | 43.0 | 12,602 |
| 2020 | 48.6 | 12,129 |
| 2019 | 51.1 | 11,728 |
| 2018 | 41.5 | 10,450 |
| 2017 | 34.6 | 8,882 |
| 2016 | 34.0 | 8,070 |
| 2015 | 42.2 | 7,120 |
| 2014 | 29.5 | 5,847 |
| 2013 | 19.9 | 4,211 |
| 2012 | 12.0 | 2,872 |
| 2011 | 10.3 | 1,771 |
| 2010 | 10.0 | 1,017 |
| 2009 | 9.1 | 723 |
| 2008 | 9.7 | 589 |
| 2007 | 8.5 | 514 |
| 2006 | 8.7 | 520 |
| 2005 | 8.6 | 497 |
| 2004 | 8.6 | 470 |
| 2003 | 8.6 | 462 |
| 2002 | 8.7 | 453 |
| 2001 | 9.3 | 446 |
| 2000 | 8.0 | 415 |
| 1999 | 8.0 | 446 |
| 1998 | 8.2 | 359 |
| 1997 | 9.6 | 426 |
| 1996 | 9.3 | 445 |
| 1995 | 8.4 | 302 |
| 1994 | 8.8 | 326 |
| 1993 | 9.5 | 433 |
| 1992 | 9.0 | 354 |
| 1991 | 10.2 | 402 |
| 1990 | 10.3 | 349 |
| 1989 | 11.3 | 351 |
| 1988 | 11.8 | 383 |
| 1987 | 10.5 | 215 |
| 1986 | 12.1 | 347 |
| 1985 | 17.7 | 364 |
Source: CommoVision (commovision.com)
Monthly table (last 24 months)
| Month | Oil (Mbbl) | Gas produced (MMcf) |
|---|---|---|
| 2025-12 | 5,516.4 | 1,160,596 |
| 2025-11 | 5,758.7 | 1,130,635 |
| 2025-10 | 6,326.5 | 1,119,704 |
| 2025-09 | 6,004.0 | 1,100,209 |
| 2025-08 | 6,443.9 | 1,145,860 |
| 2025-07 | 6,117.7 | 1,141,164 |
| 2025-06 | 5,541.5 | 1,110,410 |
| 2025-05 | 5,952.9 | 1,142,354 |
| 2025-04 | 5,709.4 | 1,099,759 |
| 2025-03 | 5,298.9 | 1,119,883 |
| 2025-02 | 5,172.3 | 1,041,666 |
| 2025-01 | 5,214.4 | 1,125,983 |
| 2024-12 | 5,033.3 | 1,127,832 |
| 2024-11 | 5,083.1 | 1,060,909 |
| 2024-10 | 5,008.5 | 1,086,765 |
| 2024-09 | 4,662.3 | 1,043,462 |
| 2024-08 | 4,819.4 | 1,082,368 |
| 2024-07 | 4,663.0 | 1,105,183 |
| 2024-06 | 4,340.3 | 1,053,365 |
| 2024-05 | 4,640.6 | 1,059,705 |
| 2024-04 | 4,495.3 | 1,040,210 |
| 2024-03 | 4,078.0 | 1,055,145 |
| 2024-02 | 4,150.0 | 1,059,491 |
| 2024-01 | 4,539.8 | 1,128,757 |
Source: CommoVision (commovision.com)
Source: CommoVision · Appalachia, data through December 2025.
Well map
- Oil 111,905
- Natural gas 292,279
- Undetermined 153,779
About this map
Undetermined means not enough signal to settle it. Producing wells are the ones that reported oil or gas in the trailing 12 months per region.
Type curves
best estimate incl. allocated
Horizontal wells only. Average production per well, for wells grouped by when they first produced.
How these curves are built
Horizontal wells only: 20,401 of the 40,369 wells in these cohorts. Average daily production per well, for wells grouped by when they first produced. Includes every well of the cohort that is old enough at each month. Wells that are shut in or have stopped producing count as zero, so the average reflects the full cohort, not just survivors. Rates are calendar-day (volume ÷ days in month). The cumulative axis accumulates those same monthly averages at the average month length. Months not yet fully reported are excluded. The 2010-2014 curve draws those years as one group. The chart opens on average daily rate against months on production, the rate on a log scale. The view control switches to rate against cumulative production per well, on the same log rate scale, or to cumulative production per well against months on production, on a linear scale. Every view draws the same cohorts from the same production history. Each cohort is solid through the last month all of its wells sit inside fully reported data. Past it the dashed curve carries the same wells forward, on our forecast where a well’s own record ends, for up to five years. A dashed curve runs as far as at least nine in ten of its wells are accounted for. A well that is old enough but shut in still counts, as zero. The measured months are what these wells reported. In the forward months each well counts its own reported figure for each month it has one, our forecast for each month it has only that, and zero for the rest. The forward average counts every well of the cohort. The drawn forecast runs up to five years past the measured months. Line thickness tracks the size of each cohort. 4 wells are counted here but not shown on the age axis: they started producing in 1987 or earlier, too close to the start of our records for their region to verify their true age.
Cohort summary table
| First produced | Wells | Peak oil (bbl/d per well) | Month-12 oil (bbl/d per well) | Cum oil in series (Mbbl per well) | Peak gas (Mcf/d per well) | Month-12 gas (Mcf/d per well) | Cum gas in series (Bcf per well) | Months in series | Wells old enough at last month in series | Forecast months drawn |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 858 | 151 | — | 4.6 | 7,813 | — | 0.2 | 1 | 100% | 60 |
| 2024 | 759 | 235 | 49 | 42.7 | 15,025 | 8,822 | 4.6 | 13 | 100% | 60 |
| 2023 | 997 | 161 | 32.6 | 38.4 | 14,393 | 7,563 | 6.1 | 25 | 100% | 60 |
| 2022 | 1,020 | 121 | 32.2 | 35.5 | 14,625 | 7,248 | 7.1 | 37 | 100% | 60 |
| 2021 | 953 | 96.4 | 20.7 | 27.2 | 15,908 | 7,882 | 8.8 | 49 | 100% | 60 |
| 2020 | 1,015 | 102 | 24.4 | 31.8 | 15,105 | 8,146 | 9.6 | 61 | 100% | 60 |
| 2019 | 1,384 | 109 | 30.8 | 40.1 | 12,252 | 5,989 | 8.0 | 73 | 100% | 60 |
| 2018 | 1,476 | 76.1 | 22.1 | 29.3 | 11,379 | 5,673 | 8.0 | 85 | 100% | 60 |
| 2017 | 1,402 | 62.2 | 15.9 | 24.0 | 9,870 | 5,505 | 7.7 | 97 | 100% | 60 |
| 2016 | 1,109 | 41.6 | 11.7 | 16.5 | 7,904 | 4,375 | 6.7 | 109 | 100% | 60 |
| 2015 | 1,725 | 61 | 18.2 | 27.6 | 5,581 | 3,403 | 5.7 | 121 | 100% | 60 |
| 2010-2014 | 7,703 | 21.9 | 8.6 | 12.2 | 4,368 | 2,526 | 4.8 | 133 | 100% | 60 |
Source: CommoVision (commovision.com)
Source: CommoVision · Appalachia type curves, per-well production by first-production cohort.
Top operators in Appalachia, 2025 best estimate incl. allocated
Top operators in Appalachia, 2025: full table
| Operator | Oil (Mbbl/d, 2025) | Gas produced (MMcf/d, 2025) | Share of output |
|---|---|---|---|
| EQT Corporation | 7.1 | 7,390.7 | 18.9% |
| Expand Energy | 22.1 | 6,775.8 | 17.9% |
| Antero Resources | 12.2 | 4,140.1 | 10.9% |
| Ascent Resources | 28.0 | 2,331.7 | 6.9% |
| Coterra Energy | 0.0 | 2,418.3 | 6.1% |
| EOG Resources | 82.7 | 1,146.2 | 6.0% |
| Range Resources Corporation | 7.0 | 2,208.6 | 5.8% |
| CNX Resources Corporation | 0.2 | 1,685.3 | 4.3% |
| Seneca Resources | 0.0 | 1,405.2 | 3.5% |
| Gulfport Energy Corporation | 6.0 | 996.5 | 2.7% |
| 1,911 other operators | 23.7 | 6,318.6 | 16.8% |
Mbbl/d = thousand barrels per day · MMcf/d = million cubic feet per day (units).
Source: CommoVision (commovision.com)
Top counties by 2025 production best estimate incl. allocated
| County | Oil (MMbbl) | Gas produced (Bcf) | Share of 2025 output |
|---|---|---|---|
| Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania | 0 | 1373.4 | 9.9% |
| Bradford County, Pennsylvania | 0 | 1173.1 | 8.5% |
| Washington County, Pennsylvania | 2.7 | 1156.8 | 8.5% |
| Greene County, Pennsylvania | 0 | 1144.6 | 8.3% |
| Wetzel County, West Virginia | 1.7 | 733.8 | 5.4% |
Share of output counts oil and gas together, gas at its market-value weight.
Recent permitting
About this chart
Approvals of every permit type per month, the 24 months to Sep 2026. The last bar is Sep 2026 through September 9, 2026 (42 so far), drawn hatched. Of the 1,875 approved in the 365 days to September 9, 2026, 1,124 are permits to drill a new well, 680 are permits to plug wells, 52 are other permit types, 10 are permits to deepen, sidetrack or re-enter existing wells and 9 are recompletion permits. Permits to drill a new well: 1,124 in the 365 days to September 9, 2026 and 296 in the last 90 days of that window. How permits are counted.
Most permits 365 days to September 9, 2026
- In the Appalachia footprint, 1,875 well permits were approved in the 365 days to September 9, 2026. Of those, 482 came in the last 90 days of that window. The latest approval on record is dated September 9, 2026.
- Of the 1,875 approved in the 365 days to September 9, 2026, 1,124 are permits to drill a new well, 680 are permits to plug wells, 52 are other permit types, 10 are permits to deepen, sidetrack or re-enter existing wells and 9 are recompletion permits. Permits to drill a new well: 1,124 in the 365 days to September 9, 2026 and 296 in the last 90 days of that window.
- Permits counted here come from Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
- Alabama reaches this page through production data alone.
Well permits approved per month: full table
| Month | Permits approved |
|---|---|
| Sep 2026 (through September 9, 2026) | 42 |
| Aug 2026 | 184 |
| Jul 2026 | 134 |
| Jun 2026 | 162 |
| May 2026 | 119 |
| Apr 2026 | 162 |
| Mar 2026 | 195 |
| Feb 2026 | 160 |
| Jan 2026 | 108 |
| Dec 2025 | 130 |
| Nov 2025 | 138 |
| Oct 2025 | 235 |
| Sep 2025 | 153 |
| Aug 2025 | 186 |
| Jul 2025 | 189 |
| Jun 2025 | 169 |
| May 2025 | 154 |
| Apr 2025 | 185 |
| Mar 2025 | 211 |
| Feb 2025 | 151 |
| Jan 2025 | 107 |
| Dec 2024 | 130 |
| Nov 2024 | 137 |
| Oct 2024 | 88 |
Source: CommoVision (commovision.com)
Active drilling rigs
Interactive chart. Focus it and use the left and right arrow keys to read each week, Page Up and Page Down to move a year, Home and End for the ends of the series. The full figures are also in the table below.
- In Appalachia, 33 drilling rigs were active in the week to September 11, 2026 (4 fewer than a year earlier).
- Since Sep 2016, the weekly count peaked at 83 in Apr 2019.
- Rig locations are reported by county and rolled up to this supply area's footprint; each county counts toward exactly one area.
Average active rigs per month: full table
| Month | Oil-directed | Gas-directed | Miscellaneous | All rigs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep 2026 (through September 11, 2026) | 0 | 33 | 0 | 33 |
| Aug 2026 | 0.6 | 33.8 | 0 | 34.4 |
| Jul 2026 | 1 | 35 | 0 | 36 |
| Jun 2026 | 1 | 35 | 0 | 36 |
| May 2026 | 1 | 35.2 | 0 | 36.2 |
| Apr 2026 | 1 | 36 | 0 | 37 |
| Mar 2026 | 1 | 37.2 | 0 | 38.2 |
| Feb 2026 | 1 | 38.8 | 0 | 39.8 |
| Jan 2026 | 1 | 38 | 0 | 39 |
| Dec 2025 | 1 | 37.8 | 0 | 38.8 |
| Nov 2025 | 1 | 36.5 | 0 | 37.5 |
| Oct 2025 | 1 | 36 | 0 | 37 |
| Sep 2025 | 1 | 36 | 0 | 37 |
| Aug 2025 | 0.8 | 35.2 | 0 | 36 |
| Jul 2025 | 0 | 35.5 | 0 | 35.5 |
| Jun 2025 | 0 | 35.8 | 0 | 35.8 |
| May 2025 | 0.8 | 35.2 | 0 | 36 |
| Apr 2025 | 2.5 | 34 | 0 | 36.5 |
| Mar 2025 | 2.4 | 32.8 | 0 | 35.2 |
| Feb 2025 | 2 | 32.5 | 0 | 34.5 |
| Jan 2025 | 2 | 32 | 0 | 34 |
| Dec 2024 | 2 | 32.2 | 0 | 34.2 |
| Nov 2024 | 2 | 32.8 | 0 | 34.8 |
| Oct 2024 | 2 | 30.2 | 0 | 32.2 |
Source: CommoVision (commovision.com)
Formations
One cross-section through the Appalachian Basin, drawn across Ohio.
14 formations along a 40-mile line, west-northwest to east-southeast.
Every depth drawn here is our own estimate, built from the curated formation tops of Ohio wells across the basin. The pale ribbon along each boundary shows how certain that depth is. Where the ribbon is wider, the depth is less certain.
How these sections are built
The section follows one straight line across the basin's Ohio side, and the map beside it shows where that line runs.
West is on the left.
The depth of each formation along the line is estimated from the depths at which Ohio wells across the basin met that formation, as recorded in the official source's own formation-top records.
A formation is drawn where enough wells along the line place it and where it stands clear of the formation above or below.
Where more than 14 formations qualify, a section keeps 14: the ones this area produces from first, then those with the most wells behind them.
Key numbers
What we cover here
Each row names the grain a region’s production is held at. Where a source publishes at a coarser grain, the page says so.
| Data | Grain | Since | Benchmark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama production | well | 1944-04 | ~99–104% of EIA |
| Ohio production | well | 1955-08 | ~99% of EIA |
| Pennsylvania production | well | 1980-01 | ~100% of EIA |
| West Virginia production | well | 1985-01 | ~99–100% of EIA |
Benchmark cells compare our series with the EIA’s published estimates.
About the EIA comparison
The two are produced differently: the EIA estimates from a survey of the largest operators and a model built to anticipate late filings, while the series compared here are rebuilt from the source’s own records as they arrive. Recent months can differ without either being wrong; the methodology page explains both methods.
Coverage rows for Appalachia are regenerated at every build from the same catalog of sources the data is built from.
What the data shows
- The Appalachia footprint produced 69.1 MMbbl of oil and 13.44 Tcf of natural gas in 2025.
- Natural gas production in the Appalachia footprint reached its highest level on record in 2025 at 13.44 Tcf.
- Appalachia is a producing area, not a single rock target: the 601,909 wells here are grouped by where they are, across every formation and trajectory drilled inside it.
- The figures here start in 1985, when West Virginia filings begin. Before that only Ohio, Pennsylvania and Alabama report, together 58% of the area's volume at that point, so the earlier years are not drawn as the whole area.
- 173,903 producing wells tracked, trailing 12 months per region.
Footprint definition
| State | Counties in footprint |
|---|---|
| Maryland | 2 |
| New York | 10 |
| Ohio | 20 |
| Pennsylvania | 41 |
| West Virginia | 53 |
The EIA Drilling Productivity Report (DPR) Appalachia region county list.
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